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F1 engine tokens: Ferrari and Mercedes top winter spend

Ferrari have spent the most tokens developing their engine over the winter, and Renault the fewest, ahead of this weekend's season-opening Australian GP.

Teams voted to keep the quota of power unit development tokens at 32 for this season, with more areas of the engine kept open for potential improvement than originally devised under the hybrid turbo regulations.

The FIA has now confirmed the token spend of all four engine manufactures, with Ferrari topping the charts after spending 23 on the SF16-H's power unit. The Scuderia, who are eyeing a title challenge to Mercedes, can spend a further nine over the 21-race season.

World champions Mercedes, whose engine has led the way in F1's turbo era so far, have spent 19 to leave 13, while McLaren's partner Honda have used 18 as they attempt to rebound from their troubled first year back in F1.

However, just like last year, Renault have the biggest allocation left to improve their engine during the season after the French manufacturer spent just seven of their permitted 32 tokens. 

After only completing their takeover of the Lotus team in December, Renault are not expecting to bring a big step forward in engine performance until the start of the European season in May. Although now badged under the name of sponsor Tag Heuer, Red Bull continue to use the same power unit as the French manufacturer's works team.

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Who has spent the most engine tokens?

Manufacturer Tokens spent Tokens remaining
Ferrari 23 9
Mercedes 19 13
Honda 18 14
Renault 7 25

The first race of the 2016 F1 season, the Australian GP, is exclusively live on Sky F1. The race in Melbourne starts at 5am on Sunday March 20.  Or watch for £6.99 without a contract, on NOW TV.

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