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Jamie Vardy was most abused England player online at Euro 2016, according to Kick It Out study

Roy Hodgson, Jamie Vardy and Dele Alli frustrated in  Saint-Etienne
Image: Roy Hodgson, Jamie Vardy and Dele Alli rank in the top three for discriminatory abuse among the England team at Euro 2016

Jamie Vardy received more direct online abuse than anyone else in England's Euro 2016 camp bar Roy Hodgson, according to a study.

Kick It Out, football's equality and inclusion organisation, has published new research to reveal the total amount of football-related discrimination on social media during Euro 2016.

The organisation's #KlickItOut campaign has been running to raise awareness around the impact of online discrimination and how supporters can report such instances.

The research, conducted by Brandwatch, a world-leading social listening and analytics company, focuses on the volume of discriminatory messages directed towards players and managers at Euro 2016 from June 10 to July 10.

Brandwatch monitored discrimination towards all players and managers from England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, while abuse levelled against five selected players from the other 20 nations was also analysed.

Peter Taylor believes Wayne Rooney should remain as England captain.
Image: England's disappointing Euro 2016 campaign saw high levels of social media abuse

The figures shown below are to be considered as the best estimate of "direct abuse" only.

The estimated instances of discriminatory abuse during the tournament amount to approximately 22,000.

England:

Estimated instances of discriminatory abuse was 9,881.

Also See:

The most abused English players/manager:

Roy Hodgson: 1,869

Jamie Vardy: 1,394

Dele Alli: 1,050

Wayne Rooney: 998

Daniel Sturridge: 853

Wales:

LYON, FRANCE - JULY 06:  Gareth Bale of Wales reacts during the UEFA EURO 2016 semi final match between Portugal and Wales at Stade des Lumieres on July 6,
Image: Gareth Bale was the subject of 1,242 instances of discriminatory abuse on social media

Estimated instances of discriminatory abuse was 1,994. The most abused player was Gareth Bale with 1,242 instances of discriminatory abuse.

Kick It Out director Roisin Wood said: "The figures recorded during Euro 2016 again confirm that the volume of abuse is completely unacceptable.

"Approximately 22,000 instances of 'direct discriminatory abuse' during the tournament speaks for itself.

"There needs to be collective action from football authorities, the police and the social media platforms, so that everyone in the game - from supporters right up to players and managers - know the consequences of posting discrimination and the impact it can have on victims."

Players from selected nations (not from England, Wales, Northern Ireland or the Republic of Ireland):

Those receiving the highest volume of discriminatory posts were as follows:

France: 4,013

Germany: 1,183

Spain: 550

Players:

Dimitri Payet: 1,911

Olivier Giroud: 1,382

Paul Pogba: 993

Types of discrimination

The distribution of the messages when broken into the different categories of discrimination reads as follows:

Race (28%)

Gender (27%)

Disability (22%)

Sexual Orientation (13%)

Age (5%)

Antisemitism (3%)

Islamophobia (2%)

Gender Reassignment (0%)

England vs Wales:

LENS, FRANCE - JUNE 16:  Wayne Rooney of England and Aaron Ramsey of Wales compete for the ball during the UEFA EURO 2016 Group B match between England and
Image: The day of England v Wales generated 2,756 discriminatory mentions

June 16, the day of the match, generated 2,756 discriminatory mentions, more than any other day during the tournament. Mentions peaked during the match when there was 8.5 discriminatory posts per minute.

Gender Breakdown:

A look at the gender distribution of discriminatory mentions reveals a large proportion of abuse from men. Some 86% of mentions come from men and 14% originate from women.